STOMATOLOGY EDU JOURNAL

STOMATOLOGY EDU JOURNAL 2019 Volume 6 Issue 2

EDITORIALS

A very positive effect of the globalized information streams is that everybody willing to know what is going on can be very well informed. If you stick to facts rather than believe opinions, an analytic mind can infer from the information available that local actions usually have global effects […]

Jean-François ROULET

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).edit.1
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Why I love Orthodontics

The way manuscripts are processed with the Manuscript Manager is introduced, as it guarantees both the peer-review process and its transparency as well as a high scientific level[…]

Fabio Savastano

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).edit.2
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Our uninterrupted joint effort on the path of certification

I would like to believe that you have already started enjoying your summer vacation. Given the fact that you are now trying to feel comfortable, to find as much time as possible to relax, I want to briefly share with you the current situation of the Stomatology Edu Journal (Stoma Edu J), the journal you have shown your interest for since 2014[…]

Marian-Vladimir Constantinescu

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).edit.3
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LETTERS

Laudatio to the ,,Iron Lady of Orthodontics” Professor Birthe Melsen

Birthe Melsen, one of the most recognized and respected Orthodontists, was born in Aabenraa, Denmark in 1939. She received her Dental Degree in 1964 from Aarhus University in Aarhus, Denmark. Melsen began her ascending road with obtaining the orthodontics specialty in the year of 1971 and received her orthodontic certificate in 1974 from Royal Dental College. […]

Irina Nicoleta Zetu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).letter.1
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES

DENTAL MATERIALS

IN VITRO WEAR OF TEN UNIVERSAL COMPOSITES

Since their invention in the 1950s, composites have been continuously improved, however without abandoning their basic concepts. Over the years it became very obvious that the fillers used had the greatest influence on their physical and mechanical properties. The fillers determine the mechanical properties, they reduce the polymerization shrinkage, the filler selection may optimize wear behavior, they influence the optical properties (translucency) and may enhance the radiopacity[…]

Jean-François-Roulet, Hind Hussein, Nader Abdulhameed, Chiayi Shen
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).art.1

(abstract)Objectives: To test wear of 10 universal composites and the antagonist. Null hypothesis: there are no differences in the composite and antagonist wear. Materials and Methods: Flat samples, light cured as of manufacturer’s instructions and polished were made from Admira Fusion (AF), Filtek Supreme Ultra (FS), G-aenial Sculpt (GS), Harmonize (HR), Herculite Ultra (HU), Tetric Evoceram (TE), TPH Spectra (SP) and three Ultradent experimental materials (UPI Exp 1-3) (n=8), and stored in water for 3 weeks. They were subjected to wear in a chewing simulator (1.2 x 105 cycles, 49 N, 0.7 mm lateral movement, 1 Hz, steatite antagonists (Ø 6 mm), simultaneously thermocycled (5/55°C) every 90 s). The volumetric wear of the composite was measured with a 3D laser scanner) after 5,000, 10,000 then every 10,000, up to 120,000 cycles. The wear of antagonists was measured after 120,000 cycles. Results: From 5,000 – 120,000 load cycles wear was linear. The total volumetric wear of composites was: GS 0.428±0.083 mm³, UPI Exp 3 0.51±0.042 mm3, HU 0.576±0.072 mm³, SP 0.609±0.088 mm³, FS 0.635±0.077 mm³, HR 0.658±0.116 mm³, TE 0.714 ± 0.097 mm³, Ultradent UPI Exp2 0.725±0.132 mm³, UPI Exp 1 0.894±0.278 mm³ and AF 1.578±0.37 mm³. The wear of AF was significantly the largrest (p < 0.0001). GS showed the lowest wear, but shared this position with UPI Exp 3, HU, SP, FS and HR. The total wear of UPI Exp3 was the lowest. Conclusion: The null hypothesis was rejected. Clinical Relevance: Except for AF, wear should be within acceptable limits. Keywords: Dental materials; In vitro; Wear; Composite; Thermocycling. | (read pdf) |

DENTAL MATERIALS

Susceptibility of RBC to various clinical relevant curing conditions

Incremental layering technique is accepted as a golden standard for the placement of regular resin-based composite (RBC) restorations. The increments are limited to a thickness of 2 mm to allow for an adequate polymerization in a clinically reasonable time[…]

Nicoleta Ilie, Eva-Maria Plenk

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).art.2

(abstract)Introduction: The study aim to quantify the impact of various curing conditions on the micro-mechanical properties of methacrylate and silorane resin-based composites (RBCs) in order to determine the threshold for sufficient polymerization. Methodology: Analyzed RBCs have either similar filler volume amounts (55%) but different monomer matrix compositions (methacrylate or silorane) or similar monomer matrixes but different filler volume amounts (63.3% vs. 55%). Twenty-four different curing conditions were simulated. A blue-violet LED curing unit was applied in different curing modes, exposure times and distances (0-mm and 7-mm). Measurements (Vickers hardness, HV, and Indentation modulus, E) were performed after 24 h of storage in distilled water at 37 °C at the top and bottom of 2-mm thick specimens (360 specimens in total). One and multiple-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc-test (α =0.05) was used. A multivariate analysis (general linear model) assessed the effect strength of the parameters exposure time, location of measurement (top-bottom), incident irradiance, radiant exposure (ranging from 1.0 to 47.0 J/cm²) and exposure distance on HV and E. Results: In all materials, highest effect on HV and E was exerted by the exposure time and location of measurement. The susceptibility to various curing conditions is material dependent, while less filled methacrylate-based as well as the silorane micro-hybrid are more robust to these variations. Fast polymerization (3s) with high irradiance is not recommended. Conclusions: The best micro-mechanical properties at the top and bottom of 2-mm thick specimens are generated with a curing time of at least 20s at moderate irradiance. Keywords: Resin-based composites, Hardness, Modulus of elasticity, Light curing unit, Radiant exposure
| (read pdf) |

DENTAL MATERIALS

Effects of etching mode on bond strength of universal adhesives

Bonding to enamel and dentin is mainly accomplished by micromechanical interlocking between synthetic, naturally degradable polymers, and enamel or dentin collagen fibrils[…]

Andre Figueiredo Reis, Paula Maria Mendes Alves, Rose Yakushijin Kumagai

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).art.3

(abstract)Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the bond strength to dentin produced by new universal adhesive systems used in self-etch and etch-and rinse application modes. Materials and Methods: Sixty human teeth were divided in 6 groups according to the different universal adhesive systems: Scotchbond Universal (SBU – 3M ESPE), Clearfil Universal (CFU – Kuraray), Futurabond U (FBU – VOCO) Xeno Select (XS – Dentsply De Trey), Prime&Bond Elect (PBE – Dentsply Caulk) and All Bond Universal (ABU, Bisco). Then, the teeth were subdivided into 2 subgroups, according to the application mode: etch-and-rinse or self-etch. Composite crowns were built after application of the adhesive systems and the restored teeth were sectioned in both “X” and “Y” directions into sticks with a cross-sectional bonded area of approximately 1mm2. The microtensile test was carried on a universal testing machine operated at a crosshead speed of 1mm/min. Bond strength values were statistically evaluated using two-way ANOVA and the Tukey post-hoc test. Results: SBU, XS and ABU presented significantly higher bond strength values when applied on the etch-and-rinse mode (p<0.05). CFU, FBU and PBE presented no significant difference in bond strength values between etch-and-rinse and self-etching groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The adhesive performance of Universal Adhesives was similar or higher when they were used in the etch-and-rinse mode in comparison with the self-etching mode. Keywords: Acid etching; Dental; Bond strength; Dental bonding; Universal adhesives
| (read pdf) |

MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Effect of platelet-rich plasma on chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis: a pilot study

CMOS is an inflammation of the maxillary sinus caused by dental infection. Patients with chronic periodontitis have an increased risk of developing maxillary sinusitis caused by intra-antral foreign bodies or by oroantral fistulas after tooth extraction [1,2]. According to the literature in the field, the incidence of this disease in the adult population is 10-12%, but according to the latest studies, the incidence increased to 41% [3-5] […]

Daniela Miricescu, Alexandra Totan, Ioana Ruxandra Rusu, Vitali Movradin, Mihaela Moisescu, Constatin Ștefani, Iulia-Ioana Stănescu, Radu Rădulescu, Cosmin Totan, George Costin Rusu, Maria Greabu

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).art.4

(abstract)Introduction: Chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (CMOS) is a frequent inflammatory process, in the oro-maxilo-facial pathology. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a natural source of growth factors, which have the potential to stimulate and accelerate the wound healing process. The aim of this study is to observe the effects of the PRP growth factors in patients with CMOS. Methodology: From five patients diagnosed with CMOS, we collected inflammatory oral mucosa and incubated with 2mL PRP for 7 days. PRP was obtained from venous blood collection from each patient. The control samples were represented by inflammatory sinus mucosa without the added of PRP. Using cell lysate we measured the following biomarkers: insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), glycogen synthase kinase 3 alfa (GSK3α) performed by Multiplex technology.Results: The growth factors released from platelets should be regarded as a positive effect source in the case of patients diagnosed with CMOS. These growth factors should activate the oligopotente stem cells which will finally lead to sinus mucosa regeneration. Future studies are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms that occur at the sinus level. Keywords: Inflammation; Platelet-rich plasma (PRP); Sinusitis; Chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (CMOS). | (read pdf) |

CASE REPORTS

ORAL SURGERY

Root tip migration into the infundibulum of the maxillary sinus after complicated first molar extraction

Extraction of maxillary molars with multiple and separated roots can be complicated with root fracture. Accidentally, these roots can be displaced into the maxillary sinus and cause oroantral fistula, sinusitis, cellulitis and subdural empyema. Displacement of roots into the maxillary sinus can be identified by imaging, which also provides information on the root size and the location within the sinus[…]

Isabel Miclotte, Laurence Verstraete, Constantinus Politis

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).art.5

(abstract)Aim: To show how an unsuccessful retrieval attempt of a broken root tip of an upper molar could lead to dislocation into the maxillary sinus and and end up at the ostium of the maxillary sinus, necessitating a FESS procedure for retrieval. Summary: An upper right first molar was removed with forcesp extraction. The extraction was complicated with a root fracture. Manipulating the residual root tip resulted in root tip dislocation into the maxillary sinus. It was decided to leave the roottip at the bottom of the sinus, but in the following months the root tip migrated and got stuck into the ostium of the maxillary sinus. There, it was retrieved using functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Key Learning Points: 1. Manipulating a residual root tip after forceps extraction of an upper molar significantly increases the risk of root tip dislocation into the maxillary sinus. 2. Broken roottips of upper molar roots protruding into the maxillary sinus need not to be removed when it concerns healthy vital pulps. 3. Retrieval attempts of broken roottips can lead to dislocation of the roottip into the maxillary sinus if the roots were protruding into the maxillary sinus or if an insufficient bony barrier is separating the maxillary sinus from the alveolar socket. 4. Cone beam ct is the radiological exam of preference to locate a dislocated roottip in the upper jaw. 5. A roottip stuck a the ostium of the maxillary sinus is best removed with a FESS-procedure. Keywords: Tooth extraction; Root tip fracture; Functional endoscopic sinus sugery. | (read pdf) |

MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Large odontogenic keratocyst of the mandible: A combined intra/extra oral approach followed by enucleation

Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) of the mandible have been of interest since first presented by Philipsen in 1956. OKCs are considered to be benign intraosseous lesions of odontogenic origin. Evidence suggests that OKC’s are to be found posterior to the third molars if offshoots of dental lamina remnants are involved[…]

Maximilien Vercruysse, Patricia D’Haeseleire, Sidney Kunz, Bart Lutin, Constantinus Politis

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2019.6(2).art.6

(abstract)Aim: An odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) of the mandible is a benign intraosseus lesion of odontogenic origin characterized by a high recurrence rate. In this case report, we highlight the challenging diagnosis and propose a potential treatment for an extensive OKC with lingual expansion.
Summary: A 26-year-old male with an OKC in the ramus of the right mandible near the second and third molars was treated by a combined intra/extra- oral approach. A reconstruction plate was adapted and fixed by extra-oral submandibular access, followed by intra/extra-orally executed enucleation.Key learning points: The combined intra/extra oral approach seems a reasonable technique for the treatment of similar extensive OKC’s in order to avoid pathological fractures as well as guaranteeing total removal of the lesion.
Keywords: Odontogenic keratocyst; mandible; WHO classification; treatment; intra/extra-oral approach. | (read pdf) |