ERO-Plenary Session Spring 2021 the FDI World Dental Federation objectives

Dear Readers,

It gives me great pleasure to address you once again as President of the European Regional Organization (ERO) of the FDI World Dental Federation. As a follow-up to our General Assembly, which took place online as a live stream with simultaneous interpretation on Saturday 17 April 2021, I would like to give you an insight into the topics and decisions of this important meeting. The Corona pandemic has changed many things, but nothing as much as the way we meet each other. Distance and social distancing determine our everyday life and our work. Although it is difficult for us dentists to keep our distance from our patients, we have discovered that many things can also work well over long distances – especially in the field of professional politics.

In short, our online General Assembly was a huge success and showed that ERO is fully capable of taking decisions even under pandemic conditions. Delegates from dental organizations from 34 European countries took part in the virtual meeting. It will certainly be possible to hold larger meetings again in the near future, but Corona has also shown us alternatives that help save resources. (read more)

Michael Frank

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(2).edit.1

• COMMUNITY DENTISTRY

EFFICACY OF BIOFLAVONOIDS OF FLAVOBAC™ AGAINST SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME – CORONAVIRUS 2 IN VITRO

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(2).art.1

The emergence of the novel human Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2) has caused drastic damage to the globe with a dramatic loss of human life worldwide. To date (4 June 2021), approximately 172 million cases have been confirmed with over 3.7 million deaths according to WHO [1]. Previous studies confirmed that viral loads are high in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and oropharynx [2-5]. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA levels (measured in saliva, throat and nasal swabs) are highest at the time of, soon after, or before symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 RNA are detected in saliva and throat swab specimens in recovered patients 5 to >40 days following hospital discharge [6]. Furthermore, live SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from throat swab specimens, indicating viral replication and shedding are active in tissues of the upper respiratory tract where SARS-CoV-2 is not thought to replicate [7] (read more)

Authors:

Abdelahhad Barbour: ORCIDiD
Lynda Gail Darlington
Michelle Mendenhall: ORCIDiD
Henriette Lerner: ORCIDiD
Michael Glogauer: ORCIDiD

• DENTAL MATERIALS

TESTING POSSIBILITIES OF MATERIALS USED IN PERIODONTAL THERAPIES ON LABORATORY RATS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2020.8(2).art.2

Periodontal disease is known to have a a long history, constantly accompanying the evolution of the human species. New data regarding its prevalence confirm its high value up to 50% around the world, with the highest scores in the older population [1]. It represents one of the major causes of tooth loss which can compromise mastication, esthetics, selfconfidence, and quality of life [2]. Microbial dental plaque has been accepted as the primary etiological factor in the occurrence of
inflammatory disease. Therefore, the major goal of periodontal therapy was to eliminate the pathological organisms discovered in the dental plaque located on the surface of the tooth [3,4]. Periodontal therapy is complex and it includes: prevention strategies to control the inflammation level and regenerative therapies of all supporting structures and tissues [5]. Root planing leads to clinical improvement by disrupting the subgingival biofilm, which reduces the amount of bacteria, resulting in a delay in the repopulation of pathogenic microorganisms [6,7]
100 (read more)

Authors:

Ioana Mitruț: ORCIDiD

Horia Octavian Manolea: ORCIDiD

Alex Ioan Sălan: ORCIDiD

Ioana Neagu: ORCIDiD

Andreea Stănuși: ORCIDiD

Alexandra Drăghici: ORCIDiD

• ORTHODONTICS

CONE BEAM TOMOGRAPHY AND PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY IN LOCALIZATION OF IMPACTED MAXILLARY CANINE AND DETECTION OF ROOT RESORPTION

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2020.8(2).art.3

Maxillary canines play important roles in facial esthetics, dental arch development, and oral cavity functions. Non-erupted maxillary canines are relatively common because these teeth develop deep within the maxilla and follow a longer path to erupt into the oral cavity when compared to other teeth [1]. An impacted tooth can be defined as the tooth that has failed to erupt into the proper position in the dental arch within the normal period of growth, and maxillary canines are the most common teeth suffering from impaction except third molars. The prevalence of their impaction ranges from 1% to 3% in the general population [2-4].
The determination of impacted canine positions is critical for the planning of orthodontic-surgical treatment. The panoramic radiographic evaluation is the most common clinical approach used by orthodontists for this procedure. It should be known, however, that panoramic radiographs have some limitations in evaluating the labiopalatal positions of impacted canines [5]. In addition, it is difficult to localize and determine the root resorptions of adjacent teeth with this radiographic method because of the superimposition of the related structures, leading to a difficulty in distinguishing many significant details [6].(read more)

Authors:

Seden Akan
Husamettin Oktay

• MAXILLOFACIAL SURGER

OSTEOSYNTHESIS MATERIALS IN MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY: REJECTION, REMOVAL, CORROSION AND PARTICLE DETECTION RATES

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2020.8(2).art.4 

The use of plates and screws for osteosynthesis is the golden standard in maxillofacial surgery. In the literature, a wide range of different types of materials are used for different purposes, and each type of material has its own properties. Stainless steel was the first type of material to dominate the market, but it has been left behind due to its toxic and corrosive properties [1]. Stainless steel was replaced by titanium as the golden standard for osteosynthesis, which was found to be much more efficient, because of its non-toxicity and corrosion-resistance [1]. Since the introduction of titanium, an important evolution has been witnessed from standard titanium plates and screws to 3D -designed and -manufactured (CAD/CAM) titanium plates and screws [2,3]. (read more)

Authors:

Samy El Bachaoui
Constantinus Politis

• DENTAL ERGONOMICS

A standardized method to determine the proper working distance for dental magnification utilizing neutral ergonomics positioning

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(1).art.5

Proper ergonomics in dentistry have been viewed as contributory aspects in the prevention of musculoskeletal injury and the working distance with magnification should allow the operator to maintain optimum posture [1]. Many dental students and clinicians may not be aware of what constitutes the correct ergonomics posture. The importance of an early introduction to proper ergonomics may be beneficial to a clinician’s career, for both comfort and longevity. The cause of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) is multifactorial and can develop from as little as a single event, or more likely through repetitive occupational movements over time. However, risks for the development of MSD have been identified among dental students with reports of pain in the back and neck regions during training [2]. (read more)

Authors:

Hind S. Hussein: ORCIDiD | ResearchGate
Shelby Anderson: ORCIDiD
Melissa Matick: ORCIDiD
Avery Greene: ORCIDiD
Mark P. Zmiyiwsky: ORCIDiD
Nader F. Abdulhameed: ORCIDiD | Publons | ResearchGate  | PubMed | WOS

• OCCLUSION and TMJ

Condylographic recording of masticatory function: explorative study on occlusal parameters and chewing performance with natural food and a standard food model

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(1).art.6

Throughout the history of medicine Mastication has triggered the interest of researchers due to its complexity, its functions and behavioral significance. Mastication is the process by which food is broken down by teeth into smaller pieces, mixed with saliva into a bolus and made suitable for swallowing. The quality of mastication and its efficiency are crucial even beyond the individual ability to perform chewing strokes and to swallow. Oral health has been held responsible for, or related to, a number of systemic conditions. For instance, poor oral health has been investigated in the past as an independent risk factor and association for systemic diseases such as myocardial infarction, coronary disease and diabetes [1-3]. This whole issue has reached a higher and wider awareness only in recent times, although earlier studies concerning these associations had already highlighted the importance of maintaining a satisfactory oral and dental status for the good of systemic health and for the consequences on Public Health [4]. (read more)

Authors:

Giulia Tanteri: ORCIDiD | Publons | ResearchGate | Google Scholar | Scopus | WOS
Carlotta Tanteri: ORCIDiD
Gregor Slavicek: ORCIDiD | Publons | ResearchGate | WOS

• ORAL MEDICINE

The influence of the oral microbiome on general health

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(1).art.7

The human body hosts many complex microbial communities that influence functions like digestion, metabolic regulation, immune response, and there
is evidence that a dysfunctional microbiome promotes the development of diseases [1]. Our oral microbiome comprises at least 772 prokaryotic species, second in diversity only to that of the gut. The oral cavity exhibits a large number of surfaces and crevices to which aerobe and anaerobe microbes can adhere, forming biofilms. These extracellular biofilms are found everywhere from the buccal mucosa to the tooth surfaces, dorsum of the tongue and gingival sulci. In addition to bacteria, diverse forms of fungi, viruses, protozoa and archaea are found as part of the normal oral microbiome [2]. Various studies have shown that an unbalanced microflora not only correlates with diseases of the oral cavity, but those of other organ systems, too [3]. (read more)

Authors:

Johannes Friedrich Carl Rohr
Aldis Rozenblats: ORCIDiD  | PubMed
Guntars Selga: ORCIDiD | PubMed | Google Scholar
Ingrīda Čēma: ORCIDiD | Publons | ResearchGate | PubMed | Google Scholar 

• ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

A rare case report of syphilis mimicking an oropharyngeal neoplasm

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(1).art.8

An increasing incidence of syphilis is inherently related to an increasing number of atypical presentations of the disease. Syphilis is on the rise and, with the increase in cases, there has been an increase in different and unusual presentations of the disease. Since 2010, reports of syphilis incidence rates in the European Union (EU) have been ever increasing. This trend seems to be accelerating, predominantly amongst male homosexuals [1]. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum, a well-known pathogen that can cause pathology in the maxillofacial area. Although there is little literature describing oropharyngeal treponema pallidum infections as mimicking an oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), it has been described in rare cases [2]. This case report presents such a case. (read more)

Authors:

Sofia Kalantary: ResearchGate
Christophe Politis: ORCIDiD | ResearchGate
Wouter De Vos: ResearchGate
Sten Stevens
Maarten Van Genechten:  ResearchGate
Herman Jr Vercruysse: ResearchGate
Geert Van Hemelen

A new disinfection device – DeactivateTM by Xenex

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers and manufacturers of products and equipment have been frantic to develop new methods, products and equipment to effectively limit the causes. PubMed has over 111,190 articles published on COVID-19, of which over 1,820 articles on dentistry, to which one can add the over 5 articles published by the Stomatology Edu Journal (Stoma Edu J). WHO, FDI, ERO, ADA and other professional associations have developed a series of rules on protection against COVID-19, itineraries to be followed by patients, protection of patients and medical staff, disinfection of surfaces and equipment. Xenex Disinfection Services Inc., a global provider of UV-based disinfection strategies and solutions, is known for LightStrike™ Germ-Zapping rob robots, which are used by many medical institutions around the world to the room no-touch disinfection. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, LightStrike robots are now used in airports, schools, hotels, sports arenas, police stations and correctional facilities, convention centers and more to quickly disinfect rooms and large areas. (read more)

Florin-Eugen Constantinescu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(1).prodnews.1